Contributed by James Tiedje; received April 23, 2025; accepted January 26, 2026; reviewed by Gwyn A. Beattie and Corné M. Pieterse Soilborne diseases pose a significant threat to plant health, often ...

On the Rate of Growth of the Population of the United States since 1790 and Its Mathematical Representation1 ...

The ordered arrangement of mechanosensory hair cells in vertebrate auditory epithelia relies on mechanical interactions among multiple cell types. Yet, how local mechanical heterogeneity produces ...

In the PNAS of March 4, 2026, Lynne Peeples presented a news feature on the “science behind acupuncture” (1). We find this article unbalanced. It lacks a critical analysis of what acupuncture is and ...

It’s increasingly hard to find peer reviewers. To address the problem, we propose a universal peer-review system based on the exchange of credits. Image credit: Dave Cutler (artist). Several factors ...

The Koobi Fora Formation preserves a rich Plio-Pleistocene record of hominins, fauna, and environments, providing a cornerstone for understanding human evolution. Nearly all zooarchaeological evidence ...

Did it all begin with hydrogen cyanide?

Agriculture was the critical intermediary through which climate change influenced the trajectory of ancient civilizations, yet the mechanisms linking environmental shifts and early farming practices ...

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Insects were the first organisms to evolve flight and have since become the most abundant species on Earth. However, the lack of well-defined flight traits and predictive theory has made it difficult ...

We thank Dr. Haiteng Deng and all lab members for discussion and technical help. We thank Dr. Isabel Hanson for editing. This work was supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation ...

Exercise works—if mitochondria do E. García-Domínguez et al., Mitochondrial remodeling in skeletal muscle underlies exercise-induced reversal of age-associated functional decline in mice and humans.