Earth’s surface is divided into tectonic plates, and the ones that make up the ocean floor are destined to sink. Sheets of oceanic crust typically bend and sink down into Earth’s interior at so-called ...

While the public is generally unaware of Mozambique as a ruby source, the deposit near Montepuez is considered by the trade to be the world’s largest supplier. Gemfields’ first Mozambique ruby auction ...

Of all the sapphire deposits found in Montana, the richest is in the Rock Creek (Gem Mountain) district. Between 1890 and the 1930s, over 65 tonnes of rough sapphire were recovered from this area and ...

Since its discovery at the beginning of the nineteenth century, infrared light has proven to be a versatile tool for scientists, industrialists, and consumers. The gem industry has benefited from the ...

Sri Lanka has two monsoon seasons that occur at different times of the year depending on the part of the country. The northeast has monsoons from December through March. In the southwest, where most ...

GIA has named John Cowley, a seasoned executive with more than 30 years of global financial and operational experience, as the Institute’s next chief financial officer (CFO), effective April 6.

Rough pink diamonds are rarely found, and although the cause of color has been correlated with plastic deformation, the precise mechanism and atomic configuration for the resulting color are topics of ...

A half century ago, Akwatia was one of the most productive diamond spots on the planet. Diamonds were discovered at the nearby Birim River in 1920, when the nation was a British colony called the Gold ...

At the earth’s surface, graphite is the stable crystalline form of carbon, with a density of 2.26 g/cm 3. Diamond is a much more compact form of carbon, with a density of 3.52 g/cm 3, 56% higher than ...

Industry analysts project that by 2025, 20% of all diamonds on the market will be laboratory-grown. Indeed, the gem industry has seen a significant increase in the quantity, size, and quality of ...

Explore sapphire history, research, quality factors, and more in the GIA Gem Encyclopedia.

Explore pearl history, research, quality factors, and more in the GIA Gem Encyclopedia.