Cyanobacteria—ancient microbes that oxygenated Earth and made complex life possible—are still revealing surprises billions of years later. Scientists have now discovered that a molecular system once ...

Abstract: Evolutionary algorithms (EAs), such as the genetic algorithm (GA), offer an elegant way to handle combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). However, limited by expertise and resources, ...

Abstract: In adversarial environments, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms often face challenges such as node failures, battle damage, and strong electromagnetic interference, which may result in ...

A relatively new ransomware family is using a novel approach to hype the strength of the encryption used to scramble files—making, or at least claiming, that it is protected against attacks by quantum ...

Students can choose Standard or Advanced from 2026–27; first batch under new system to take boards in 2028.