Radiation-hardened phase-locked loop (PLL) circuits represent a critical advancement in safeguarding electronic systems against the deleterious effects of ionising radiation. These circuits are ...

The 4- to 20-mA current loop is ubiquitous in the world of controls in manufacturing plants. Discrete logic, microprocessors, and microcontrollers easily cover the digital portions of control schemes, ...

In electronic systems, wires and cables provide intentional circuit paths for power or signal currents to move from a source to a load and then return to the source. These current paths have the ...

This is Part 2 of a three-part series. As discussed in Part 1 and recapped here, modern wireless communications systems (mainly superheterodyne radio transceivers) are now required to deliver higher ...