Adult cells can only give rise to the same cell type. For example, a skin cell cannot give rise to a muscle cell but to skin cells only. This limits the potential use of adult cells for therapy.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing around the world. In 1990, around 3.7 million people had the condition; by 2017, that number had increased to 6.8 million. Nearly half of IBD patients ...