Pilots can transition from an ILS to a localizer-only approach, even late in the descent, if the glideslope fails or operational preferences change, as these are considered two distinct approaches.

Pilots are calling for the immediate removal of concrete mounds supporting localizer systems at several airports, after a localizer mound at Muan International Airport was identified as a key factor ...

The LDA/DME Runway 25 approach into Eagle (KEGE) is exceptionally complex due to mountainous terrain, featuring a steep 3.8-degree descent and a challenging visual segment where the runway may not be ...

When it comes to flight and navigation instruments, there are few absolute certainties. Even though most instruments are fairly reliable, they are all susceptible to ...

In Part 1, we discussed the circumstances surrounding the off-runway landing at Presque Isle, Maine. The National Transportation Safety Board conducted what is commonly known as a “field major” ...