R1C1 coordinates provide a predictable map for auditing formulas and writing universal VBA macros.

How to lock a formula in Excel is an essential skill for anyone who works with spreadsheets, especially when handling ...

Cells in Excel are referred to using relative or absolute references. A formula with relative references changes when the cell's position does. If, for example, a cell has a formula "=A1" and you copy ...

When you copy a formula, referenced ranges automatically adjust according to the formula's new position unless the ranges use absolute references. Removing the dollar signs in these formulas converts ...